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Last quiz question was 0091 (HELP)

Last quiz question was 0091 (HELP)

Last quiz question was 0091 (HELP)

0001. What is claimsmaking in the context of this course?

A. Working to get a community to treat some behavior as deviant or illegal. B. The use of overheated rhetoric typical of moral panics C. Using language to persuade people that something is a social problem requiring social control D. Analyzing rhetoric to understand the basis of arguments in moral crusades E. The connection among grounds, warrants and conclusions

0002. Arrange these thinkers in chronological order.

A. Lombroso Aristotle Hobbes Durkheim Merton Katz B. Aristotle Hobbes Merton Katz Lombroso Durkheim C. Aristotle Lombroso Durkheim Hobbes Merton Katz D. Aristotle Hobbes Lombroso Durkheim Merton Katz E. Aristotle Hobbes Lombroso Merton Katz Durkheim

0003. Which of the following is the best explication of the idea of "social control as a dependent variable"?

A. The amount and kind of social control varies over time and across cultural space. B. We can turn the usual equation around and ask "what causes social control?" C. Different amounts or kinds of social control can produce different levels of conformity to social norms. D. Amount and kind of social control varies with things like social distance between conflicting parties. E. The types of social control we deploy should take into account the causes of deviant behavior which vary widely

0004. Which of the following are ways that deviance can be bad (dysfunctional) for a group?

1 Group becomes too rigid, fails to adapt to change
2 Group unites against a scapegoat
3 Group dedicates too many resources dedicated to control
4 Group tolerates deviance and is harmed by the actual deviant behavior
5 Group experiences too much internal nastiness and this undermines groups solidarity

A. 1,2 and 3 only B. All except 2 C. 1 only D. 1, 3, and 5 only. E. 2 and 4

0005. Which of the following are defining properties of a "public good" as used in this course?

A. It has to benefit the general welfare B. The good is non-rivalrous - my consuming it does not prevent you from consuming it. C. No one can be excluded from using the good, even if one is not a contributor. D. Free riders will dominate and it will not be produced. E. B and C

0006. Which of the following are defining properties of a "public good" as used in this course?

A. It has to benefit the general welfare B. The good is non-rivalrous - my consuming it does not prevent you from consuming it. C. No one can be excluded from using the good, even if one is not a contributor. D. Free riders will dominate and it will not be produced. E. B and C

0007. Which thinker do you associate with “a war of all against all”?

A. Lombroso B. Durkheim C. Hobbes D. Merton E. Foucault

0008. Which thinker do we associate with “crime is normal”?

A. Lombroso B. Durkheim C. Hobbes D. Collins E. Erikson

0009. What does Durkheim's line "…even in a society of angels" a single feather being out of line would be a crime mean?

A. In a community with a very high degree of conformity, smaller and smaller deviations become labeled as crime/deviance. B. It does not offend because it is a crime, it is a crime because it offends the collective consciousness. C. In any community, positive ideals are the source of what gets attended to as a violation of the rules. D. Deviance is natural even if relative and so we expect it to be universal. E. Metaphorically, orderly wing feathers are the core of social order for angels and so that's where we expect to find deviance.

0010. Which term designates the study of the structure of lived experience?

A. phrenology B. penology C. etiology D. phenomenology E. empiricism

0011. Which term designates the study of causation?

A. phrenology B. penology C. etiology D. phenomenology E. empiricism

0012. Which term refers to a pseudoscience focused on measurements of the human skull that played a role in biological determinist theories of deviance?

A. phrenology B. penoloy C. etiology D. phenomenology E. empiricism

193px-PhrenologyPix.jpg

0013. In Freud's tripartite model of the self the component that represents the unorganized part of the psyche in which are found the basic drives of the human animal (pleasure-seeking and pain-avoiding). This seat of the "instincts" is something we are affected by but not aware of explicitly.

A. ego B. unconscious C. superego D. collective consciousness E. id

0014. In Freud's tripartite model of the self the component that represents the organized part of the psyche in which is found the perfectionistic control that opposes the instincts.

A. ego B. unconscious C. superego D. collective consciousness E. id

0015. In the article "Infants prefer a nasty moose if it punishes an unhelpful elephant," the experimenters find a remarkable difference between 5 month-old babies and 8 month-old babies. Since they are still so young and very little time has elapsed the differences would seem to arise from cognitive development rather than socialization. What's the profound take-away?
_
In those three months babies…

A. …develop a natural capacity for telling right from wrong B. …develop a moral sense this is at least partly instinctual C. …not only can they tell right from wrong, they also prefer others who enforce social rules D. …come to prefer helpful over unhelpful others E. …not only prefer others who enforce social rules, they can also tell right from wrong

0016. What do we mean when we say that (deviant) labels are "sticky"?

A. The definition of deviance changes over social time and social space but the categories and language are stable. B. Even if it describes only a single behavior, a label tends to swallow up a person's whole identity. C. Reputation is an important component of social capital. D. Once you are labeled, it is hard to get rid of a lable — for example, once convicted, always an "ex-con." E. Being labeled deviant often leads to more deviant behavior because of the effects of the label.

0017. Which description best captures the model of human nature that we see in Plato's allegory of the charioteer?

A. One horse represents society and government while the other horse represents of individualistic tendencies. B. One horse represents how humans start out "pro-social" but they are corrupted by society and social institutions (such as private property) which is represented by the other horse. C. One horse represents the rational or moral impulse; while the other represents the soul's irrational passions and appetites. D. The charioteer is the super ego, one horse is the ego and the other is the id. E. One horse represents our "good angels" and the other our "bad angels"; how we live depends on the struggle between these external forces.

0018. What is an atavism??


0019. What does the 'differential' in differential association refer to?

A. The difference between the cultural values of a minority and that of the majority society. B. The difference between the costs and the benefits of not conforming to social rules. C. The difference between the pro-social definitions and attitudes to which one is exposed and the anti-social ones. D. The difference between the socially sanctioned goals to which one aspires and the institutionalized means to which one has access. E. The reduction in the effects of conscience generated by techniques of neutralization.

0020. Which of the following is the best reading of the diagram below?

Figure-Ferguson2009-Natural.gif
A. Biological determinism is wrong. Contextual (social) factors explain violent anti-social behaviors. B. Biology contributes to behavior range but free will is ultimate explanation of actual violent behavior C. Biology and background affect one's behavioral repertoire, situations call forth behaviors, one's self control selects behavior. All three could be points of intervention. D. Social environments (e.g., poverty, family structure, opportunity) are the major determinant of behaviors. E. Poor impulse control trumps other effects; deviance is more a psychological than sociological phenomenon.

0021. What new idea makes Agnew's theory the "new strain theory"?

A. Spatial factors are taken into account as part of the etiology of deviance B. It takes account of socio-economic stresses that can lead to deviance. C. A fifth box is added to the chart for when new goals and new means are at work. D. Actor may be frustrated by lack of access to pain avoidance. E. Lack of institutionalized means for goal attainment

0022. The chart below show three possible relationships between the level of social resources dedicated to social control and the amount of norm violation we observe in a group or community. Which scenario best fits the blue (the left/lower) curve?

deterrence-images-001.gif
A. Morally repugnant behavior that most people find abhorrent. B. An anti-social habitual behavior that is hard to deter. C. A very common anti-social behavior that is easy to deter except for a few extreme cases. D. An anti-social behavior that shows a linear response to social control. E. An economic crime that most people think will never be detected.

0023. The chart below show three possible relationships between the level of social resources dedicated to social control and the amount of norm violation we observe in a group or community. What do the amounts indicated by the numbers 1 and 2 in the diagram represent?

deterrence-images-001.gif
A. 1: people who conform even without social control; 2: people who violate norms no matter what the social control B. 1: people who respond to social control efforts; 2: people who are recidivists C. 1: people who violate norms no matter what the social control; 2: people who conform even without social control D. Both represent people whose behavior DOES respond to social control E. Both represent habitual conformity to social norms.

0024. What idea from this course does this comic illustrate?

when-its-ok-to-say-happynew.gif
A. In general, the range of acceptable behavior is NOT symmetric around the normatively specified ideal. B. Crime is normal. C. Deviance is relative. D. Norms specify both a way something "should" be done and a range of variation that is acceptable. Beyond a certain point, the behavior is "deviant." E. In any social group, behavior will vary around a normatively specified value subject to the forces of social control.

0025. Which statement best captures the utilitarian logic of how social control can deter crime.

A. Punishments should fit the crime. B. If cost of being punished is greater than the benefit of a crime, a rational actor will not commit the crime. C. If the probability of getting caught exceeds a certain threshold, a rational actor will not commit the crime. D. If a social actor is sufficiently rational, s/he will weigh the costs and benefits of committing a crime. E. If the probability of punishment times the cost of being punished is greater than the benefit of a crime, a rational actor will not commit the crime.

0026. Proposition: The greater the status difference between the parties to a conflict, the more we expect the involvement of authoritative third party conflict resolution specialists. And vice versa: when the status difference between parties is low or zero we expect less use of authoritative third parties. Which scenario(s) best illustrate(s) this?

1. Wells Fargo and Bank of America are investigated by the Securities and Exchange Commission over mortgage fraud.
2. Next door neighbors work out a dispute about a fence over a few drinks at the pub.
3. A teenager sues her parents in a fight over curfew.
4. You join a class-action suit against Wells Fargo because they over charged you on your checking account.
5. Angry at the bank because of a foreclosure, Bob breaks the window at a local branch office.

A. 1, 3, and 5 B. 2 and 4 C. 3 and 4 D. All 5 of these E. None of these

0027. Distinguish warrants, claims, and grounds.

A. Grounds are the facts upon which argument is based. Claim is conclusion audience should reach. Warrants are logic leading from grounds to conclusions. B. Claim is fact upon which argument is based. Grounds are conclusions audience should reach. Warrants are logic leading from grounds to conclusions. C. Claims are the goal of argument. Warrants are the rhetorical tools that build on the grounds. D. Rhetorical work involves grounds, warrants, and claims structured as arguments. E. Warrants are facts that make argument possible. Grounds are conclusion audience reaches. Claims are arguments connecting the two.

0028. What is "claims-making" for a sociologist of social control?

A. The results that follow on campaigns to get more attention for problems like missing children or drunk driving. B. The use of rhetoric to put forth and defend a claim using warrants and grounds. C. The rapidly spread of concern, hostility toward a deviant, and rapid repetition of a claim due to moral crusaders in a community. D. The work done by moral crusaders who position themselves as "rule makers" in a community. E. Using language to convince people that something is a social problem, and that a rule or social control response is needed.

0029. In a current (April 2012) debate about reforming California's three strikes law (which provides for extremely long mandatory sentences for 3rd felony offenses) so that it does not ensnare people who commit a less serious third offense, the original sponsor of the law claimed that changing it would lead to a great increase in crime. If, on further questioning, it turned out that what he meant was that lots of folks who are likely to commit crimes will not be in prison if the rule is changed, then he is describing

A. recidivism B. the incarceration or incapacitation effect C. the general deterrence effect D. the specific deterrence effect E. the rehabilitation effect

0030. In a current (April 2012) debate about reforming California's three strikes law (which provides for extremely long mandatory sentences for 3rd felony offenses) so that it does not ensnare people who commit a less serious third offense, the original sponsor of the law claimed that changing it would lead to a great increase in crime. If, on further questioning, it turned out that what he meant was that individuals who used to think twice about committing a crime will be less likely to do so because the law is not so scary any more, then he is describing

A. recidivism B. the incarceration or incapacitation effect C. the general deterrence effect D. the specific deterrence effect E. the rehabilitation effect

0031. In a current (April 2012) debate about reforming California's three strikes law (which provides for extremely long mandatory sentences for 3rd felony offenses) so that it does not ensnare people who commit a less serious third offense, the original sponsor of the law claimed that changing it would lead to a great increase in crime. If, on further questioning, it turned out that what he meant was that individuals who commit a crime and only get a few months or years in jail are likely to go right out and do it again because being punished does not have an effect on their behavior (whereas, he says, after 25 years people really do not want to go back and so tend not to re-offend), what aspect of punishment is he talking about?

A. recidivism B. the incarceration or incapacitation effect C. the general deterrence effect D. the specific deterrence effect E. the rehabilitation effect

0032. What is the halo effect?

A. tendency to unconsciously assume that others share one's current emotional states, thoughts and values B. tendency to believe ourselves to be worse than others at tasks which are difficult C. tendency to believe one's knowledge of others surpasses their knowledge of oneself D. tendency to over-emphasize personal explanations while under-emphasizing situational explanations for behaviors of others E. tendency for person's positive or negative traits to "spill over" in others' perceptions of them

0033. What two dimensions does Durkheim use to create his typology of suicide?

A. collective consciousness and anomie B. anomie and solidarity C. solidarity and integration D. integration and regulation E. regulation and collective consciousness

0034. Fill in the blanks

durkheim-suicide-table-blan.gif
A. ? B. ? C. ? D. ? E. ?

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0035. What kind of warrant is at the core of this argument:

I heard this sociologist talk the other day on radio. He was making no sense at all. The whole field is a joke.

A. Authority B. Principle C. Causality D. Analogy E. Generalization

0036. What kind of warrant is at the core of this argument:

It was on Jon Stewart the other night. The Federal Reserve is one of the most dangerous organizations in America.

A. Authority B. Principle C. Causality D. Analogy E. Generalization

0037. What kind of warrant is at the core of this argument:

The young kids they caught for that vandalism had been at the Skrillex concert earlier in the evening. Those shows should be 18 and over.

A. Authority B. Principle C. Causality D. Analogy E. Generalization

0038. What kind of warrant is at the core of this argument:

Kony was thought by followers and detractors alike to have been possessed by spirits. He reportedly made annual trips to the Ato Hills in Uganda, where he would ascend to the highest of the hills and lie down in the hot sun for days. He believes in the literal protection provided by a cross symbol and tells his child soldiers a cross on their chest drawn in oil will protect them from bullets. Kony insists that he and the Lord's Resistance Army are fighting for the Ten Commandments. In the 1980s he had to be persuaded to use standard military tactics instead of attacking in cross-shaped formations and sprinkling holy water.

A. Authority B. Principle C. Sign/Clue D. Analogy E. Generalization

0039. With what theory/concept do you associate these pictures?

three-bodies.gif
A. Sheldon's somatotypes B. Pre-sociological biological determinism C. Lombroso's atavisms D. Sutherland's differential association E. Cohen's subcultures

0040. Put the terms below into the correct boxes in this schematic of Merton's strain theory.

merton-blank.gif
A. rebellion B. retreatism C. innovation D. conformity E. ritualism

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0041. Which of the following best captures the meaning of the term "tertiary deviance"?

A. three strikes laws B. when the consequence of labels is so extreme that people lose the ability to judge right from wrong C. rule breaking that occurs when a labeled group challenges the very idea that they are deviant at all D. behavior that violates meta-norms or "norms about norms" such as norms governing how much punishment an act deserves E. deviant behavior that involves a third party

0042. Which of the following illustrate the concept "deviance is relative"?

  1. Even in a society of angels…
  2. "It's a victimless crime so it's not really a crime at all!"
  3. "Twenty five years ago there was no such thing as date rape."
  4. The rules for when it is OK to make eye contact vary widely from culture to culture.
  5. Hairstyles and skirt lengths
A. 1,2,4 B. All of these C. All except 5 D. All except 2 E. All except 1

0043. Which of the following support the claim that "crime is normal"?

A. Crime is present in all known societies. B. As societies become more "civilized" we do not see a decrease in crime. C. A society with zero crime would be stagnant and fail to adapt to changing world. D. Criminals are just like non-criminals in most respects. E. The more uniform behavior in a group or society gets, the smaller are the infractions that count as a crime.

0044. Wacquant's criticism of Anderson's Code of the Street makes which of the following arguments?

A. Anderson overstates the differences between the two sets of families in his analysis. They have more in common than he admits. B. The real cause of the challenges faced by the people in the study is racism, not values. C. Anderson assumes what he needs to prove: that moral values rather than structural locations are the underlying difference between the families. D. Anderson gives insufficient weight to individual decision making and choice. People from the same location end up in different life situations because of choices they make in life. E. Ethnographies like Anderson's have such a small N that it is impossible to generalize to the degree that he does.

0045. Which of the following best explains the concept "symbolic politics" at the center of Gusfield's book Symbolic Crusade?

A. The temperance movement's attempt to demonize alcohol and drinking is an example of claims-making. B. Sometimes real social conflict erupts over things which do not really matter. C. The battle over temperance was a contest over whose morals would be THE morals of the country. D. Behind the battle over alcohol prohibition was the battle for the control of the revenues generated by alcohol sales and taxes on alcohol. E. Concern over drinking and driving emerged as more and more Americans moved to the suburbs in the post-WWII era.

0046. What organization at the center of an important 2010 Supreme Court decision on campaign finance is a non-profit organization founded in 1988 to support conservative causes by, among other things, producing advertisements and documentaries? It's goal is to restore the United States government to "citizens' control" and to "assert American values of limited government, freedom of enterprise, strong families, and national sovereignty and security."

A. Swift Boat Veterans for Truth B. ALEC C. Citizens United D. The Tea Party E. American Crossroads

0047. Which of the following statements are true of a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization?

  1. Donations are tax deductible
  2. Donations are not tax deductible
  3. Does not have share holders
  4. Purpose of organization must be in the public interest
  5. May engage in advocacy work (e.g., promoting political positions)
  6. Could be a trade organizations like the Chamber of Commerce
A. 1, 3, 5 B. 2, 3, 6 C. 1, 3, 4 D. 2, 3, 4 E. All of the above

0048. The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) of 2002 is a federal law which set legal limits on campaign finance expenditures and prohibited unregulated contributions (commonly referred to as "soft money") to national political parties. "Soft money" also refers to funds spent by independent organizations that do not specifically advocate the election or defeat of candidates, and funds which are not contributed directly to candidate campaigns. What is the common name by which this act is known?

A. Dodd-Frank B. Sarbanes-Oxley C. McCain-Feingold D. Glass–Steagall E. Gramm-Leach-Bliley

0049. What small country figures centrally at the start of the documentary "Inside Job"?

A. Ireland B. Greece C. Portugal D. Luxembourg E. Iceland

0050. Which supreme court decision held that a state legislature cannot arbitrarily revoke an organization's charter.

A. Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad (1886) B. United Sates v. Morton Salt Company (1950) C. Lochner v. New York (1905) D. Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) E. Buckley v. Valeo (1976)

0051. What does a technique of neutralization accomplish? It is a line of thinking that…

A. …removes society, and hence conscience, from the picture. B. …effectively annihilates the other making it easier to hurt him C. …generates an excuse for a deviant act D. …allows deviant actor to overcome internal inhibitions E. …reduces the effect of a label on a deviant actor's behavior

0052. Which supreme court decision contributed to making corporations into persons by agreeing that it is not permitted to tax corporate property at higher rates than personal property because organizations are "persons" for purposes of applying the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?

A. Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad (1886) B. United Sates v. Morton Salt Company (1950) C. Lochner v. New York (1905) D. Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) E. Buckley v. Valeo (1976)

0053. Which supreme court decision held that the Federal Trade Commission's demand for regular reports showing companies' compliance on price-fixing practices amounted to an intrusion into the companies' privacy?

A. Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad (1886) B. United Sates v. Morton Salt Company (1950) C. Lochner v. New York (1905) D. Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) E. Buckley v. Valeo (1976)

0054. Which supreme court decision removed limits on how much of her own money a candidate could spend on her own campaign?

A. Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad (1886) B. United Sates v. Morton Salt Company (1950) C. Lochner v. New York (1905) D. Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) E. Buckley v. Valeo (1976)

0055. Which supreme court decision set aside provisions of campaign finance law that limited corporate spending in American elections? That law is formally called the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (BCRA), but is more commonly known as the "McCain-Feingold" law.

A. Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad (1886) B. Citizens United (2010) C. Lochner v. New York (1905) D. Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) E. Buckley v. Valeo (1976)

0056. Which of the following theories would define deviants as "those persons who are perceived to be deviant"?

A. Subculture B. Anomie C. Labeling D. Functionalist E. Differential association

0057. Which of the following approaches to deviance and social control began to look at spatial/ecological patterns

A. Differential association B. Merton's Strain theory C. Chicago school social disorganization theories D. Cohen's subculture theories E. Agnew's new strain theory

0058. An ecological perspective on deviance in cities would most likely focus on which of the following

A. environmental polluters B. spatial patterns of deviant behavior C. racial segregation D. the local power structure E. values and attitudes of residents

0059. Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of ethnography?

A. To study causation B. To develop descriptions of local cultures from point of view of members C. To establish meanings and roots of socially important words D. To determine how animal behavior relates to their social environments E. To compare cultural practices across time and space



Source: Adapted from 1986 GRE

0060. A radical/conflict theorist of deviance would most likely say…

  1. Increased crime rates are less about how many crimes committed, and more about how many crimes are being reported in the media.
  2. Criminals are people who have gotten in with the wrong crowd.
  3. Official crime statistics represent political definitions of what is a crime.
  4. Criminals come from broken homes and run-down neighborhoods.
  5. Race differences in crime statistics are the result of racial profiling.
  6. Delinquent youth are disillusioned and feel detached from normal society.
A. 1, 2, 3 B. 2, 4, 6 C. 1, 3, 5 D. 4, 5, 6 E. 1, 2, 5, 6

0061. Which statement best captures Paul Willis' Learning to Labour?

A. Labor is not "natural" but is socially necessary and so workers need to be coerced into working hard. B. The lads are typical juvenile delinquents whose behavior is largely caused by their environment C. The lads' rejection of school culture is a rehearsal of the shop floor belief that practice is more important than theory. D. The lads use several of the "techniques of neutralization" to justify their oppositional behavior E. School culture represents society and the oppression it holds for the average working class youth

0062. Which of the following is NOT a take-away point from the article on "the warrior gene"?

A. Nature and nurture are inextricably linked B. The existence of a genetic pre-disposition to violence will make the law more objective. C. Behavioral genetics findings frequently become misleadingly associated with stereotypes. D. Genes do not dictate behavior. E. The MAOA gene can certainly influence our behaviour, but it is no puppet-master


0063. What is the colloquial term for a person, ethnic or religious group, country, or organization singled out for unmerited negative treatment or blame.

A. delinquent B. deviant C. victim D. scape goat E. sacrificial lamb

0064. What is "veneer theory"? The idea that…

A. …morality is deep in our nature B. …people put up a "moral facade" that hides their actual selfish intentions C. …culture is an overlay that exerts control on our underlying brutish nature D. …human morality is rooted in the super ego E. …humans are fundamentally moral but that social institutions distort our nature

0065. What two "dimensions" does Merton's strain theory use?

A. integration and regulation B. legitimate goals and means C. internalized goals and socialized means D. achieving goals and avoiding pain E. illegitimate goals and means

0066. Which of the following could be said of sampling on the dependent variable?

  1. It is creating a sampling frame that cannot be used to draw a random sample.
  2. It is when we select our research subjects from among those displaying the trait or behavior we wish to explain.
  3. It is making sure that all variables are represented in our sample.
  4. It is general strategy for studying causality
  5. It is research error in which we study cases drawn from one value of the outcome variable.
A. 2 and 5. B. 1 only C. 2 only D. 3, 4, and 5 E. 5 only

0067. Who is this person?

xyz.gif
A. Cesare Lombroso B. Kai T. Erikson C. Emile Durkheim D. Ben Bernanke E. Dominique Strauss-Kahn

0068. What do we call the study of the origins or causes of problems??


0069. In The Better Angels of Ourselves, cognitive psychologist Steven Pinker suggests which of the following is/are responsible for the general decrease in violence in human society over the last 1000 years.

  1. The rise of governments as agents of "pacification" that would rather have people survive and be able to pay taxes than kill each other
  2. Evolution of the state as a third party dispute resolver
  3. Commerce that makes it more valuable to buy/sell than plunder
  4. Education and cosmopolitanism that makes it easier to empathize with "the other" and be less likely to act aggressively.
  5. Emergence of intellectual/rational discourse that requires us to think about and justify actions rather than "might makes right."
A. 1 B. 1, 2 C. 1, 2, 3 D. 1, 2, 3, 4 E. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

0070. In the RadioLab piece on Fritz Haber, the German Nobel prize winning chemist, what conundrum for a sociologist of deviance and social control is presented?

A. Is the pursuit of knowledge that COULD be put to evil use a violation of social norms? B. How should society square the idea of a bad person who does great good or a good person who does terrible harm? C. Is science itself not good or bad? Is it only how it is used that societies or groups judge/label good or bad? D. Under what conditions is technology "responsible" for the uses to which it is put? E. Is the "green revolution" which is a good thing because it helped feed millions of people also a bad thing because of the social and political changes it brought?

0071. Which, if any, of the following could be called a moral crusader? (select all that apply)

A. a Prohibitionist (against drinking) B. a member of a political party C. a pro-life activist (against abortion) D. an anti-death-penalty activist E. a PETA activist (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals)

0072. At XYZ University, first time plagiarism offenders are required to take a semester long course in the ethics and mechanics of scholarly work at the Teaching and Learning Center. What style of social control does this represent?

A. prevention B. conciliatory C. therapeutic D. compensatory E. penal

0073. The first part of the penalty in a willful violation of trademark case was calculated on the basis of what the action had cost the legal owner of the trademark. What style of social control does this represent?

A. prevention B. conciliatory C. therapeutic D. compensatory E. penal

0074. After last February's border skirmish between the two countries, the UN Security Council resolution mandated a series of diplomatic meetings characterized as confidence and security building measures. What style of social control does this represent?

A. reform B. conciliatory C. therapeutic D. compensatory E. penal

0075. In a willful violation of trademark case, in addition to the actual damages, the statute imposes what are called "treble damages" - three times the actual amount that the violation had cost the legal owner of the trademark. The goal of such a penalty is to make sure trademark violation cannot just be treated as a cost of doing business. What style of social control does the tripling of damages represent?

A. reform B. conciliatory C. therapeutic D. compensatory E. penal

0076. Faced with growing problem of tardiness (people being late for class), a school considers options ranging from mandatory taking of attendance (with points deducted for being late) to installing bells that remind people of the time to text messages reminding people of classes. In the end, they decide to shift the course schedule slightly, allowing more time for students to make it across campus, stop for a coffee, or even catch a smoke before class. What style of social control would we call this?

A. compensatory B. therapeutic C. prevention D. reform E. conciliatory

0077. According to Donald Black the focus of prevention as as a style of social control is

A. the act B. the person C. opportunity D. the consequences E. the relationship

0078. According to Jack Katz, there are three elements of being a badass. They are

A. Mean B. Cool C. Tough D. Violent E. Alien

0079. Which of the following is a take-away point from the "Righteous Slaughter" chapter by Katz?

A. Stress can drive people to unspeakable crimes for which they are quickly contrite. B. Some crimes are pre-meditated, others are not. C. Some deviant behavior is actually an attempt to "put the world right" D. To survive in some environments a person must act tough so as to say "don't mess with me." E. Two wrongs may not make a right, but sometimes one must do a "lesser of two evils" calculation.

0080. Rather than cut Amy, who was a much slower swimmer than everyone else on the team, the coach allowed her to stay on the condition that the other swimmers would work with her all season to help her improve. By the end of the season the team's morale had improved markedly.

A. Deviance can be a warning signal. B. By rejecting the deviant behavior a community re-emphasizes what is considered "right" and "NORMAL" behavior. C. Tolerance and care for deviant can lead to group solidarity D. Deviance can give a community or group members chance to examine own behavior and re-affirm common values. E. Deviance can be a way that groups test new ways of doing things — innovation.

0081. Which of the following could be a latent function of giving this exam in this manner.

A. More people cheat. B. It reduces stress before the exam. C. It makes it more flexible for students taking the exam. D. The grading will be easier. E. Students better learn the material.

0082. Katz's "badasses" are intuitive sociologists because

A. when you interview them, they can explain exactly what is going on around them B. one cannot understand oppression without experiencing it first hand C. phenomenology is the study of the inner experience of the social world D. like sociologists, the badass spends a lot of time watching the world around him E. knowing which buttons to push implies an understanding of norms governing everyday interaction

0083. My friend Dan was a youth swimming coach. They had a rule that practice started at 6:00pm. One night the best kid on the team shows up and jumps in the pool at 6:01. The coach tells him to leave. After that night, the entire team seemed to work better.

A. Deviance can be a warning signal. B. By rejecting the deviant behavior a community re-emphasizes what is considered "right" and "NORMAL" behavior. C. Tolerance and care for deviant can lead to group solidarity. D. Deviance can be a way for a group to "let off steam." E. Deviance can be a way that groups test new ways of doing things — innovation.

0084. The professor decided to try running the fall class with no grades. She knew this would run afoul of school policy.

A. Deviance can be a warning signal. B. By rejecting the deviant behavior a community re-emphasizes what is considered "right" and "NORMAL" behavior. C. Tolerance and care for deviant can lead to group solidarity. D. Deviance can give a community or group members chance to examine own behavior and re-affirm common values. E. Deviance can be a way that groups test new ways of doing things — innovation.

0085. What is Durkheim's term for the glue that holds society together?

A. {$A} B. {$B} C. {$C} D. {$D} E. {$E}

0086. What kind of warrant is at the core of this argument:

Marijuana is not addictive. If alcohol is not illegal, neither should marijuana be.

A. medical research has shown marijuana is not addictive B. in a free country, people should be able to decide for themselves C. like things should be treated alike. D. politics is the reason for marijuana being illegal E. what is true of one example, is true of all

0087. What theory does this suggest: "His father was a criminal too. I think it runs in the family, if you know what I mean."

A. {$A} B. {$B} C. {$C} D. {$D} E. {$E}

0088. What theory does this suggest: "He was a good kid before they moved here. But now, all he sees around him are bad role models. His parents try to set a good example, but the balance is just too much in the bad direction."?

A. {$A} B. {$B} C. {$C} D. {$D} E. {$E}

0089. What theory does this suggest: "I was surprised, at first, at the bad behavior among the music students. But the longer I worked at the school, the more I realized that there's just a different set of rules in the conservatory. It's so competitive and cut throat. I think they just learn a different set of values than the other students."

A. {$A} B. {$B} C. {$C} D. {$D} E. {$E}

0090. What theory does this suggest: "As the top student in his urban high school Barry had won a partial scholarship to Emory University. On fall break he ran into some old friends in the park near his parents house. Someone had a joint. The cops showed up and all were given citations for marijuana use. As a result, Barry became ineligible for a Pell grant and dropped out of college. Two years later he was involved in some gang violence."?

A. {$A} B. {$B} C. {$C} D. {$D} E. {$E}

0091. A law student who had been in the military was surprised when he saw some fellow students collaborating on an assignment that was meant to be done individually. The dean said the school did not have an honor code per se. "It should," he said. "Even if the rest of the university does not have one, there should be a code of integrity here? I mean, well, these people are going to be lawyers one day." What warrant is at the center of this argument?

A. if we allow cheating on one assignment, the result will be corrupt lawyers B. law students should be held to a high standard C. if the dean of the law school thinks so, then we should do it D. the undue pressure for good grades results in people cutting ethical corners E. these students are over-privileged brats so what would you expect?