How to Make Population Pyramid Chart in Excel

Start with two data series and select data range as usual:

And then Insert > Bar > 2-D Stacked Bar

This yields:

To fix the axis labels, select the axis, right click > Format Axis > Number. Then select the number format which shows negative numbers in red. We then change the word "Red" to "Black" and click Add to make this a new custom number format.

Then make other changes as needed (for example fewer or more decimal places) in the format string (and be sure to click Add when you are done).