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matrix

An arrangement of a set of numbers into rows and columns like this:

$\begin{bmatrix}1 & 1 & 0 \\0 & 0 & 1 \\0 & 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$

Each element of the matrix is referred to by subscripts, the first representing the row and the second the column. Thus A₂₃ refers to the element in the second row, third column. More generally, A_ij refers to the element in the i^th row and j^th column.